感恩節(jié)由來(lái)英文中文
感恩節(jié)就其意義和慶祝方式來(lái)說(shuō)，從1621年以來(lái)，幾乎沒(méi)有什么變化。在這一天，各個(gè)教派的教堂都開放，向上帝的慷慨恩賜表示感謝。
【感恩節(jié)的由來(lái)】
Thanksgiving Day is the most truly American of the national Holidays in the United States and is most closely connected with the earliest history of the country.
感恩節(jié)是美國(guó)國(guó)定假日中最地道、最美國(guó)式的節(jié)日，而且它和早期美國(guó)歷史最為密切相關(guān)。
In 1620，the settlers，or Pilgrims，they sailed to America on the May flower，seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship.
After a tempestuous two-month voyage they landed at in icy November，what is now Plymouth， Massachusetts.
1620年，一些朝圣者(或稱為清教徒)乘坐"五月花"號(hào)船去美國(guó)尋求宗教自由。他們?cè)诤Ｉ项嶔ふ垓v了兩個(gè)月之后，終于在酷寒的十一月里，在現(xiàn)在的馬薩諸塞州的普里茅斯登陸。
During their first winter，over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics.
Those who survived began sowing in the first spring.All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety，knowing that their lives and the future existence of the colony depended on the coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a yield rich beyond expectations.
And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the Lord be fixed.
Years later，President of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every year. The celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on that date until today.
在第一個(gè)冬天，半數(shù)以上的移民都死于饑餓和傳染病，活下來(lái)的人們?cè)诘谝粋�(gè)春季開始播種。
整個(gè)夏天他們都熱切地盼望著豐收的到來(lái)，他們深知自己的生存以及殖民地的存在與否都將取決于即將到來(lái)的收成。
后來(lái)，莊稼獲得了意外的豐收，所以大家決定要選一個(gè)日子來(lái)感謝上帝的恩典。多年以后，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)宣布每年十一月的第四個(gè)星期四為感恩節(jié)。感恩節(jié)慶祝活動(dòng)便定在這一天，直到如今。
The pattern of the Thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years.
The big family dinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table， people will find apples，oranges，chestnuts，walnuts and grapes. There will be plum pudding， mince pie， other varieties of food and cranberry juice and squash.
The best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie. They have been the most traditional and favorite food on Thanksgiving Day throughout the years.
感恩節(jié)慶祝模式許多年來(lái)從未改變。豐盛的家宴早在幾個(gè)月之前就開始著手準(zhǔn)備。人們?cè)诓妥郎峡梢猿缘教O果、桔子、栗子、胡桃和葡萄，還有葡萄干布丁、碎肉餡餅、各種其它食物以及紅莓苔汁和鮮果汁，其中最妙和最吸引人的大菜是烤火雞和番瓜餡餅，這些菜一直是感恩節(jié)中最富于傳統(tǒng)意義和最受人喜愛(ài)的食品。
Everyone agrees the dinner must be built around roast turkey stuffed with a bread dressing to absorb the tasty juices as it roasts.
But as cooking varies with families and with the regions where one lives，it is not easy to get a consensus on the precise kind of stuffing for the royal bird.
人人都贊成感恩節(jié)大餐必需以烤火雞為主菜。火雞在烘烤時(shí)要以面包作填料以吸收從中流出來(lái)的美味汁液，但烹飪技藝常因家庭和地區(qū)的不同而各異，應(yīng)用什幺填料也就很難求得一致。
Thanksgiving today is，in every sense，a national annual holiday on which Americans of all faiths and backgrounds join in to express their thanks for the year's bounty and reverently ask for continued blessings.
今天的感恩節(jié)是一個(gè)不折不扣的國(guó)定假日。在這一天，具有各種信仰和各種背景的美國(guó)人，共同為他們一年來(lái)所受到的上蒼的恩典表示感謝，虔誠(chéng)地祈求上帝繼續(xù)賜福。
【感恩節(jié)火雞的由來(lái)】
Of all the symbols of thanksgiving, the turkey is most familiar and widespread.
It is considered as the most famous exemplary might be due to its sharp features, bright hues and majestic appearance.
Turkey is a common breed and a native of northern Mexico and the eastern United States.
Now it is being raised in large numbers and some of the commonplace species that are popular are Bronze, Narragansett, White Holland, and Bourbon Red.
Though there is no evidence that Turkey was available to the pilgrims, Massachusetts from where the practice originated, has a legend that it was served in the first Thanksgiving Dinner.
In a book written by the Pilgrim's Governor Bradford, he mentions of wild turkeys while another Pilgrim describes in a letter sent to England how the governor sent 'four men out fowling' who returned with turkeys, ducks and geese for the feast.
Though no accurate reports were found, a tale goes where turkey was their original choice but they could not find it. They cooked crow instead and served the local Indians.
As a part of tradition, turkey remains of central importance in the Thanksgiving menu surrounded by several other delicious dishes.
During the dinners, the family members may also utter a few lines of thanks or chant a special prayer.
首先熟悉一些雞類的單詞，在英語(yǔ)中被廣為人知的turkey(火雞)，我們?yōu)槭裁丛诟卸鞴?jié)吃火雞?因?yàn)槭吕锏幕痣u，膘肥體壯，“正是火雞欲上時(shí)”。自然成為了人們的首選目標(biāo)。
火雞曾被哥倫布誤認(rèn)為是珍珠雞。事實(shí)上，早在中世紀(jì)就有“印度雞”這種叫法。但是“印度”在這里指的是阿比西亞，珍珠雞在那里是野禽。
當(dāng)哥倫布在墨西哥上岸，并相信自己到達(dá)的是印度時(shí)，他眼中的火雞就無(wú)辜被叫成了“印度雞”。所以后來(lái)“印度雞”就成了火雞的第一個(gè)正式說(shuō)法。到了16世紀(jì)上半葉，火雞才被歐洲人擺上餐桌。
拿火雞做為感恩節(jié)的象征是再貼切不過(guò)了。因?yàn)榛痣u在北美印第安人眼中象征著男子漢的力量與女人的繁殖能力。
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