2017年英語四級翻譯考前訓(xùn)練素材
根據(jù)表現(xiàn)手法，國畫可分為寫童派和工筆派兩大類。下面有小編整理的關(guān)于國畫的英語四級翻譯素材，歡迎大家閱讀!
國畫
國畫(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的藝術(shù)傳統(tǒng)之一。繪畫時用毛筆蘸黑墨或彩墨在紙張或絲綢上作畫。根據(jù)表現(xiàn)手法，國畫可分為寫童派(the Xieyi school)和工筆派(the Gongbi school)兩大類。寫意派以自 由表達(dá)和形式夸張為特點;工筆派則注重以精細(xì)的筆法描繪細(xì)節(jié)。山水畫被公認(rèn)為國畫的最高形式。縱觀歷史，不同時期的國畫都相應(yīng)地反映出人們的社會意識。
參考譯文：
Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.
詞句點撥
1.第2句為無主語句，翻譯時可補(bǔ)充出主語0ne，譯作When painting, one uses a brush to dip it in black ink...，但這種譯法顯得較為繁冗。此處宜把時間狀語“繪畫時”轉(zhuǎn)換成主句is done,“用毛筆蘸黑墨......”處理成方式狀語，用介詞短語with a brush dipped in black...來表達(dá)，這樣句子更簡潔、邏輯關(guān)系更強(qiáng)。
2.在第3句中，“可分為幾大類”可譯為短語be divided into...categories;“寫意派和工筆派”則可用定語從 句which are...來表達(dá)。
3.第4句含有對比的并列結(jié)構(gòu)，可用表對比的'連詞while來連接。該句中的“注重……描繪細(xì)節(jié)”譯成attach importance to detail即可達(dá)意，省譯“描繪”;“以精細(xì)的筆法”是方式狀語，可用介詞短語with fine brush work來表達(dá)，置于句末。
4.在最后一句中，定語“不同時期的”較長，可將其處理成后置定語，表達(dá)為at different times/periods。
年糕
年糕(Chinese New Year Cake)是中國人的傳統(tǒng)食品，距今已有兩千年的歷史。早期被用來祭奠灶神(the KitchenGod)，其后漸漸成為一種春節(jié)特色食品。年糕主要是用糯米粉(glutinous rice flour)制作而成，有黃、白兩色，象征金、銀。在漢語中，“粘”與“年”同音，而“糕”與“高”同音，所以年糕寓意人們的生活水平一年比一年提高。年糕營養(yǎng)豐富，不但吃起來香甜可口，而且還有健身祛病的作用。中國地域廣、各地的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣不同，因而年糕的種類也多種多樣。
參考翻譯:
Chinese New Year Cake is a traditional food forChinese people with a history of 2,000 years. In earlytimes, it was used as an offering to the Kitchen Godand gradually evolved into a kind of food typical inthe Spring Festival. Chinese New Year Cake is madeof glutinous rice flour, with yellow or white as its color, symbolizing gold and silver. In Chinese, "sticky" is identical in sound to "year" and "cake" to "high", so Chinese New Year Cake alsoimplies that people’s standard of living would be improved year by year. Chinese New YearCake, containing lots of nutrition, not only tastes sweet and delicious but also benefits peoplehealth and wards off diseases. China is vast in territory and its customs vary from place toplace, thus the types of Chinese New Year Cake are also various.
1.第一句話的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是“年糕是中國人的傳統(tǒng)食品”;“距今...的歷史”可翻譯為with a history of 2,000 years放主句后。
2.第二句應(yīng)增譯主語“年糕”，為避免重復(fù)，故翻譯為it;“被用來”和“漸漸成為”作it的`并列謂語，第—個謂語動詞要使用被動語態(tài)。
3.第三句“年糕主要是…”中，“象征金、銀”是對年糕顏色的進(jìn)一步說明，可處理為現(xiàn)在分詞短語symbolizing gold and silver。
4.第四句“在漢語中…”較長，句中“所以”提示，可用連接詞so承接前后分句，注意so引導(dǎo)的分句中“人們的生活水平…提高”要使用被動語態(tài)。
5.倒數(shù)第二句的主語是“年糕”，后跟三個謂語。可將“營養(yǎng)豐富”處理為現(xiàn)在分詞短語containing lots ofnutrients在句中作狀語;“不但…而且…”連接兩個并列謂語可套用not only...but also...句式來表達(dá)。
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