初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：名詞解析
名詞復(fù)數(shù)的特殊變化。
普通名詞的復(fù)數(shù)我們知道是直接加-s或 -es，可是偏偏有一些名詞不聽(tīng)話，變化不規(guī)則。這些小調(diào)皮是：
a. class, box, watch, brush等詞以 s, x, ch, sh, 結(jié)尾，復(fù)數(shù)要加-es;
b. story, factory 等以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的詞復(fù)數(shù)要先將-y 變成-i再加-es;
c. knife, wife, life等以-f 或-fe結(jié)尾的詞一般先將-f或-fe變?yōu)?v, 再加-es;
d. 以-o結(jié)尾的名詞，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，末尾是"元音字母+o" 的詞加-s，我們學(xué)過(guò)的有radio,zoo。末尾是"輔音字母+o"的詞，變復(fù)數(shù)加-es。如：tomato, hero, potato，當(dāng)然其中的piano 和photo，又是一個(gè)例外，他們的結(jié)尾只能加-s。
e. child(children), foot(feet), tooth(teeth), mouse(mice), man(men ), woman(women )等詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化全不遵循規(guī)則。
注意：與 man 和 woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是 -men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為 Germans;
f. deer，sheep等詞更是懶得可以，竟然單復(fù)數(shù)同形。好記好記。 people，police，cattle 等詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)，所以它們的謂語(yǔ)當(dāng)然也是復(fù)數(shù)形式，這就是集體名詞。the English，the French，the Chinese等名詞表示國(guó)民總稱時(shí)，也作復(fù)數(shù)用。
注意：maths，politics，physics等學(xué)科名詞,雖然以-s結(jié)尾，仍為不可數(shù)名詞。還有theUnited States(美國(guó))，the United Nations(聯(lián)合國(guó))等應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。
別奇怪，名詞有時(shí)也可以作定語(yǔ)的。它作定語(yǔ)時(shí)一般用單數(shù)，但也有以下例外。
a. man, woman等作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定。如：men workers， women teachers。
b. 數(shù)詞+名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，這個(gè)名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式,中間加連字符。如：a ten-mile walk十里路，two-hundred trees 兩百棵樹(shù)。
哇!這些問(wèn)題好復(fù)雜，我好想輕松一下。那我們就輕輕松松地面對(duì)名詞所有格問(wèn)題。
這里面內(nèi)容可謂少之又少，可也不能小視呦。
名詞所有格：
表示“……的”通常是在名詞的后面加-s，如：Children's day，father's shoes。但以-s結(jié)尾的名詞因?yàn)橐呀?jīng)有s了，只需加 ' 就OK了。如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有's，.則表示“分別有”。.如：John's and Mary's room(約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間);兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè)'s，則表示"共有"。如：John and Mary's room(約翰和瑪麗共有一間)。
還有些無(wú)生命名詞的所屬要用介詞of來(lái)幫助一下，如：a map of China，the end of this term。
好，名詞部分我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完，It's a piece of cake? 接下來(lái)到了我們趁熱打鐵的時(shí)間了，
Are you ready?
練習(xí)：
1. All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.
A. women …girls
B. women… girl
C. woman…girls
D. woman…girl
2. Mr Black is a friend of _________.
A. Jack's aunt's
B. Jack's aunt
C. Jack aunt's
D. aunt's of Jack
3. This toy was made by a ____ boy.
A. ten-year-old
B. ten-years-old
C. ten-year-older
D.ten-years-older
4. The farmer raised ten _________.
A. sheeps
B. deers
C. horse
D. cows
5. She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.
A. her grandmother
B. her grandmother's
C. her grandmothers'
D. that of her grandmother
6. We have moved into a ________.
A. two- storey house
B. house of two storey
C. two-storeys house
D. two storeys house
7. The ______ was too much for the child to carry.
A. box's steel
B. box of a steel
C. steel box
D. box of the steel
8. We'll give our English teacher a card for _________.
A. the Teacher's Day
B. Teacher's Day
C. a Teacher's Day
D. Teachers' Day
9. Li Ping met an old friend of _______on a train yesterday.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. her
10. _________are big and bright.
A. The classroom window
B. The window of the classroom
C. The windows of the classroom
實(shí)戰(zhàn)：
1. Don't worry. Your son will come back in ______hour.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
2. This nice blouse isn't mine. It's ______.
A. you
B. your
C. Lucy
D. yours
3. What's " potato" in Chinese? -It's _____ .
A. 香蕉
B. 大白菜
C. 西紅柿
D. 土豆
4. The ninth month of a year is _______.
A. December
B. November
C. September
D. October
D. The classroom's windows
5. A: Must I leave now?
B: No, you _______.
A. needn't
B. mustnt
C. don't
D. won't
6. We have a history lesson ______Wednesday afternoon.
A. on
B. of
C. at
D. to
7. Suan has made quite ______friends since she came to China.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
8. A: Have you ever ______to the West Lake?
B: Yes, I ______there last winter.
A. gone, went
B. been, went
C. gone , have been
D. been, have
9. Do you ________English?
A. tell
B. say
C. talk
D. speak
10. A: May I _______your ruler?
B: OK, I'm glad to _______it to you.
A. lend, borrow
B. lend, lend
C. borrow , lend
D. borrow, borrow
11. We'll go to the museum if it _______tomorrow.
A. can't rain
B. won't rain
C. don't rain
D. doesn't rian
12. Do you know ________?
A. where does he study
B. he studies where
C. where he studies
D. he where studies
13. A: _______do you go to see your grandparents?
B: Once a month
A. How often
B. How long
C. how much
D. how many
14. A: Would you like another cup of orange?
B: ______I'm full.
A. No, thanks
B. Yes, please.
C. Here it is.
D. I don't like.
15. You must be tired. Why not ________a rest?
A. to stop to have
B. stop having
C. stop to have
D. to stop having
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