萬(wàn)圣節(jié)簡(jiǎn)介英文
下面小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了有關(guān)萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的英文簡(jiǎn)介，有興趣的朋友可以閱讀了解一下哦!
【萬(wàn)圣節(jié)簡(jiǎn)介英文】
As European immigrants came to America, they brought their varied Halloween customs with them. Because of the rigid Protestant belief systems that characterized early New England, celebration of Halloween in colonial times was extremely limited there.
It was much more common in Maryland and the southern colonies. As the beliefs and customs of different European ethnic groups, as well as the American Indians, meshed, a distinctly American version of Halloween began to emerge.
The first celebrations included "play parties," public events held to celebrate the harvest, where neighbors would share stories of the dead, tell each other's fortunes, dance, and sing.
Colonial Halloween festivities also featured the telling of ghost stories and mischief-making of all kinds. By the middle of the nineteenth century, annual autumn festivities were common, but Halloween was not yet celebrated everywhere in the country.
In the second half of the nineteenth century, America was flooded with new immigrants. These new immigrants, especially the millions of Irish fleeing Ireland's potato famine of 1846, helped to popularize the celebration of Halloween nationally.
Taking from Irish and English traditions, Americans began to dress up in costumes and go house to house asking for food or money, a practice that eventually became today's "trick-or-treat" tradition.
Young women believed that, on Halloween, they could divine the name or appearance of their future husband by doing tricks with yarn, apple parings, or mirrors.
In the late 1800s, there was a move in America to mold Halloween into a holiday more about community and neighborly get-togethers, than about ghosts, pranks, and witchcraft.
At the turn of the century, Halloween parties for both children and adults became the most common way to celebrate the day.
Parties focused on games, foods of the season, and festive costumes. Parents were encouraged by newspapers and community leaders to take anything "frightening" or "grotesque" out of Halloween celebrations. Because of their efforts, Halloween lost most of its superstitious and religious overtones by the beginning of the twentieth century.
By the 1920s and 1930s, Halloween had become a secular, but community-centered holiday, with parades and town-wide parties as the featured entertainment. Despite the best efforts of many schools and communities, vandalism began to plague Halloween celebrations in many communities during this time.
By the 1950s, town leaders had successfully limited vandalism and Halloween had evolved into a holiday directed mainly at the young. Due to the high numbers of young children during the fifties baby boom, parties moved from town civic centers into the classroom or home, where they could be more easily accommodated.
Between 1920 and 1950, the centuries-old practice of trick-or-treating was also revived. Trick-or-treating was a relatively inexpensive way for an entire community to share the Halloween celebration. In theory, families could also prevent tricks being played on them by providing the neighborhood children with small treats.
A new American tradition was born, and it has continued to grow. Today, Americans spend an estimated $6.9 billion annually on Halloween, making it the country's second largest commercial holiday.
【萬(wàn)圣節(jié)服裝由來(lái)】
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的服裝起源于惡作劇，大人帶孩子一起出門(一般是大人駕車停在路邊，小孩說(shuō)：“不給糖，就搗蛋(trick or treat)的游戲。大人事先要求孩子只許去門口有節(jié)日布置的并點(diǎn)了燈的人家，否則不許打擾。
另外討糖過(guò)程中必須始終站在大門口等待，不許進(jìn)屋，討回的糖也要交給大人檢查后才許吃。對(duì)接待孩子的人家也要求不給自家制作的食品，也不給未包裝的'食品。
萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的服裝，萬(wàn)人萬(wàn)相，不只是單調(diào)的大鬼小鬼。制作最簡(jiǎn)單的鬼服就用一張白床單頂在頭上，摳兩個(gè)洞留出眼睛;若要扮演魔術(shù)師，就穿上黑衣黑褲，再戴上黑禮帽，并在禮帽與頭頂之間藏一只絨毛小兔備用;小孩穿上白衣白褲，再在背后綁一個(gè)手電筒在頭上就打扮成了小天使;也有家長(zhǎng)把孩子打扮成他們喜歡的卡通形象的。
【萬(wàn)圣節(jié)南瓜燈由來(lái)】
南瓜燈源于古代愛(ài)爾蘭。傳說(shuō)一個(gè)名叫JACK(杰克)的人，是個(gè)醉漢且愛(ài)惡作劇。一天JACK把惡魔騙上了樹(shù)，隨即在樹(shù)樁上刻了個(gè)十字，恐嚇惡魔令他不敢下來(lái)，然后JACK就與惡魔約法三章，讓惡魔答應(yīng)施法讓JACK永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)犯罪為條件讓他下樹(shù)。
JACK死后，其靈魂卻既不能上天堂又不能下地獄，于是他的亡靈只好靠一根小蠟燭照著指引他在天地之間倘佯。
在古老的.愛(ài)爾蘭傳說(shuō)里，這根小蠟燭是在一根挖空的蘿卜里放著，稱作“JACK LANTERNS”，而古老的蘿卜燈演變到今天，則是南瓜做的Jack-O-Lantern了。
據(jù)說(shuō)愛(ài)爾蘭人到了美國(guó)不久，即發(fā)現(xiàn)南瓜不論從來(lái)源和雕刻來(lái)說(shuō)都比蘿卜更勝一籌，于是南瓜就成了萬(wàn)圣節(jié)的寵兒。
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