關(guān)于英語(yǔ)六級(jí)段落翻譯練習(xí)
1、
燈謎(1antern riddles)是指寫(xiě)在彩燈上面的謎語(yǔ)。燈謎是中華民族一門傳統(tǒng)的綜合性藝術(shù)，是我國(guó)勞動(dòng)人民智慧的結(jié)晶。猜燈謎是元宵節(jié)的一項(xiàng)娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)。燈籠的主人把謎面寫(xiě)在紙條上，然后把紙條貼在燈籠上。如果有人猜到了謎底，就可以將紙條取下來(lái)，到燈籠主人那里去對(duì)謎底，如果猜對(duì)了謎底，就可以得到小禮物。設(shè)置燈謎和猜謎底可以遵循許多不同的方法。猜燈謎出現(xiàn)于宋朝(the Song Dynasty)，到了明清時(shí)代(the Ming andQing Dynasties)，該活動(dòng)在民間變得非常流行。
參考翻譯：
Lantern riddles are fiddles written on the lanterns, which are a traditional and comprehensive art of the Chinese nation and reflect the wisdom of the working people.
Working out lantern riddles is a recreational activity of the Lantern Festival. Lantern owners write fiddles on a few pieces of paper and paste them on the lanterns. If people have solutions to the fiddles, they can take the paper off and go to the lantern owners to check their answers. If they are fight, they will get small gifts. There are various ways to set and work out the fiddles.
The activity emerged in the Song Dynasty and became very popular among the people in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
2、
長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，飲酒(white spirit)在中國(guó)人的生活中一直扮演著重要的角色，無(wú)論是帝王還是百姓。飲酒是中國(guó)文化的一部分。中國(guó)人的祖先在作詩(shī)、寫(xiě)散文時(shí)喜歡飲酒，在宴會(huì)上還會(huì)向親戚朋友敬酒。但飲酒不僅屬于文化人，也是普通人生活中不可缺少的一部分。人們?cè)诟鞣N場(chǎng)合飲酒，如生日宴會(huì)、餞行宴會(huì)、婚禮宴會(huì)(wedding banquet)等。搬進(jìn)新房或生意開(kāi)業(yè)時(shí)，也會(huì)邀請(qǐng)人們來(lái)吃飯、飲酒。
參考翻譯：
Drinking white spirit has been taking an importantrole in Chinese people’s life from emperors toordinary people for a long time. Drinking white spiritis a part of Chinese culture. Chinese ancestorsenjoyed drinking white spirit while writing poems orproses and they also toasted their relatives and friends at the feast.But drinking white spirit isnot only for scholars，it is also an indispensable part of Chinese ordinary people’s life. Peopledrink white spirit on various occasions, such as the birthday party，farewell dinner，weddingbanquet, etc. When someone moves into a new house or starts doing business，he/she willinvite people for dinner and drinking white spirit.
3、
宮保雞丁(Kung Pao Chicken)由雞丁、花生和紅辣椒做成，是著名的傳統(tǒng)川菜。這道菜以晚清時(shí)期的官員丁寶楨的名字命名。據(jù)說(shuō)，丁寶楨很喜歡吃，尤其是 “爆炒雞丁”。丁寶楨在四川做巡撫(governor)時(shí)，他常常以爆炒雞丁宴請(qǐng)賓客。為了迎合四川賓客的口味，丁寶楨改良了他最愛(ài)的“爆炒雞丁”，加入了紅辣椒。結(jié)果， 辣的雞丁比以前更美味。丁寶楨后來(lái)被授予“太子少保(Palace Guardian)”的官銜， 也就是“宮保”。為了紀(jì)念丁寶楨，人們把他最愛(ài)的這道菜命名為“宮保雞丁”。
1.…是指…:可譯為refers to...
2.二者兼有:根據(jù)上下句，直接譯為both即可。
3.興起:即“形成”，可譯為was formed。
4.深植于:可理解為“生根于”，譯為deeply taking root in。
5.分為三大類型、400個(gè)曲種:此處可理解為“曲藝大致分為三大類，又細(xì)分為 400種”，譯為the art is divided into three styles and subdivided into 400 parts。subdivide意為“再分，細(xì)分”。
6.在口音或音樂(lè)方面:可譯為in either its accent or music。
參考翻譯
Quyi refers to folk vocal art forms such as ballad singing, story-telling and crosstalk. As an ancient performing art in China, quyi is a general term that covers several different types of performances in which speech, singing or both are used. As an independent art, it was formed in the middle Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Deeply taking root in China, the art is divided into three styles and subdivided into 400 parts. The three major styles are story-telling, story-singing, and joke-telling. Story-telling can be either words only, or words with music. One of the most representative non-music styles in the North is called Pingshu. The most important form of joke-telling is crosstalk. Story-singing seems to have the largest audience. Each style has a strong local flavor in either its accent or music.
4、
臉譜(facial makeup)是指中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)戲劇—京劇里男演員臉部的彩色化妝。 它在色彩、形式和類型上有一定的格式。臉譜運(yùn)用紅色、黃色、白色、黑色、紫色、綠色和銀色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的臉譜由油漆、粉和油彩畫(huà)成，基 本形式是整臉、三塊瓦臉(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎臉。這些臉譜類型被廣泛用于代 表將軍、官員、英雄、神靈和鬼魅。通過(guò)眼睛和鼻子周圍形狀各異的白色小塊, 可以辨別出丑角(Chou actors)。有時(shí)這些小塊以黑色勾勒，常稱小花臉。
1.臉部的彩色化妝:可譯為the colorful painting on the face。
2.在色彩、形式和類型上:可用詞組in terms of表達(dá)，譯為in terms of color,design and type。
3.整臉、三塊瓦臉和碎臉:“整臉”是最原始的臉譜形式，利用雙眉把臉?lè)譃轭~ 和面兩個(gè)部分的臉譜;“三塊瓦臉”是在整臉的基礎(chǔ)上再利用口鼻把面部分為左右的臉譜;“碎臉”是三塊瓦臉的變種，其分界邊緣花形極大，破壞了原有的輪廓。這里可先音譯成漢語(yǔ)拼音，再在括號(hào)內(nèi)加以解釋說(shuō)明。
4.形狀各異的:即“不同形狀的”，可譯為in various shapes或in different shapes。
5.丑角:翻譯為Chou actors，同樣地，括號(hào)內(nèi)可以加注解(Clown)。
6.勾勒:翻譯為outline。
參考翻譯：
Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the actors in Peking Opera, which is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color,design and type. Red，yellow，white，black，purple，green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of Zheng Lzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San Kuai Wa Lian(three-section face) and Sui Lian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals,officials，heroes, gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in various shapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black, often called Xiao Hua Lian(partly painted face).
5、
中文熱詞通常反映社會(huì)變化和文化，有些在外國(guó)媒體上愈來(lái)愈流行。例如，土豪和大媽都是老詞，但已獲取了新的意義。土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主，現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財(cái)富的人，也就是說(shuō)，土豪有錢，但是沒(méi)有品位。大媽是對(duì)中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價(jià)大跌時(shí)大量購(gòu)買黃金的中國(guó)婦女。土豪和大媽可能會(huì)被收入新版的牛津(Oxford)英語(yǔ)詞典，至今約有120中文加進(jìn)了牛津英語(yǔ)詞典，成了英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的一部分。
參考翻譯：
The Chinese hot words usually reflect the social changes and culture, some of which are increasingly popular with foreign media. For example, tuhao and dama are old words, but they are given new meanings.
Tuhao used to mean the rural landlords oppressing the tenant farmers and servants, but now they relate to individuals who lavish and flash money about. In other words, tuhao are wealthy but tasteless. Dama referred to middle-aged women. Instead, it particularly means Chinese women who purchased bulk gold shortly before the gold price decreased.
Tuhao and dama may be included in a new-edition Oxford dictionary. Until now, about 120 Chinese words have been added into it and they also have become a part of English language.
6、
北京計(jì)劃未來(lái)三年投資7600億元治理污染，從減少pm2.5排放入手。這一新公布的計(jì)劃旨在減少四種主要污染源，包括500萬(wàn)輛機(jī)動(dòng)車的尾氣排放、周邊地區(qū)燃煤、來(lái)自北方的沙塵暴和本地的建筑灰塵，另外850億元用于新建或升級(jí)城市垃圾處理和污水處理設(shè)施，加上300億元投資未來(lái)三年的植樹(shù)造林。
市政府還計(jì)劃建造一批水循環(huán)利用工廠，并制止違章建筑，以改善環(huán)境。另外，北京還將更嚴(yán)厲地處罰違反減排規(guī)定的行為。
參考翻譯：
Beijing is going to invest 760 billion yuan in next three years to control pollution, beginning with cutting down the emission of PM 2.5 . This newly announced project aims to reduce four major sources of pollution, including exhaust from 5000 thousand motor vehicles, coal-burning in surrounding areas, sandstorms from the north and local construction dust. Another 85 billion yuan is used to build or upgrade the facilities of disposing garbage and sewage of the city. In addition, 30 billion to support afforestation programs in next three years.
The municipal government also plans to construct so7、me plants to use cycle water, banning illegal constructions to modify the environment. Furthermore, Beijing will punish those who violate the rules of emission-reduction more severely.
7、
最近中國(guó)科學(xué)院(Chinese Academy of Science )出版了關(guān)于其最新科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)與未來(lái)一年展望的年度系列報(bào)告。系列報(bào)告包括三部分：科學(xué)發(fā)展報(bào)告，高技術(shù)發(fā)展報(bào)告，中國(guó)可持續(xù)戰(zhàn)略報(bào)告。第一份報(bào)告包含中國(guó)科學(xué)家的最新發(fā)現(xiàn)，諸如新粒子研究與H7N9病毒研究的突破。該報(bào)告還突出強(qiáng)調(diào)了未來(lái)幾年需要關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。第二份報(bào)告公布了一些應(yīng)用科學(xué)研究的熱門領(lǐng)域，如3D打印和人造器官研究。第三份報(bào)告呼吁加強(qiáng)頂層設(shè)計(jì)，以消除工業(yè)升級(jí)中的結(jié)構(gòu)性障礙，并促進(jìn)節(jié)能減排。
參考翻譯：
Chinese Academy of Science recently published an annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year. The report consists of three parts: science development, more advanced technology development and the sustainable strategy of China. The first one includes the latest findings of Chinese scientists, such as the research of new particle and the breakthrough in the study of H7N9 virus. Furthermore, it highlights some problems we need to focus in next few years. The second one announces some heated fields in applied science. For example, the 3-dimension print and the study of human organs. The third one suggests people enhance the top design in order to get rid of the structural obstacles in industrial upgrading and to promote the energy-saving and emission-reduction.
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