托福聽力復習資料

時間：2024-09-09 20:28:38 托福(TOEFL)

2017年托福聽力復習資料

　　導語：多做聽力練習，是提高聽力考試成績的好方法。下面是YJBYS小編整理的2017年托福聽力復習資料，希望對你有用!

2017年托福聽力復習資料

　　Passage One

　　The observation of the skies has played a special part in the lives and cultures of peoples since the earliest of times. Evidence obtained from a site known as the Hole in the Rock, in Papago Park in Phoenix, Arizona, indicates that it might have been used as an observatory by a prehistoric people known as the Hohokam.

　　The physical attributes of the site allow its use as a natural calendar/clock. The "hole" at Hole in the Rock is formed by two large overhanging rocks coming together at a point, creating a shelter with an opening large enough for several persons to pass through. The northeast-facing overhang has a smaller opening in its roof. It is this smaller hole that produces the attributes that may have been used as a calendar/clock.

　　Because of its location in the shelter's roof, a beam of sunlight can pass through this second hole and cast a spot onto the shelter's wall and floor. This spot of light travels from west to east as the sun moves across the sky. It also moves from north to south and back again as the Earth travels around the Sun, the west-to-east movement could have been used to establish a daily clock, much like a sundial, while the north-to-south movement could have been used to establish a seasonal calendar.

　　The spot first appears and starts down the surface of the wall of the shelter at different times of the morning depending on the time of the year. The spot grows in size from its first appearance until its maximum size is achieved roughly at midday. It then continues its downward movement until it reaches a point where it jumps to the floor of the shelter. As the Sun continues to move to the west, the spot continues to move across the shelter floor and down the butte, or hill, toward a group of small boulders. If a person is seated on a certain one of these rocks as the spot reaches it, the Sun can be viewed through the calendar hole. This occurs at different times in the afternoon depending on the time of year.

　　1. What does the passage mainly discuss?

　　(A) observations of the stars by ancient people

　　(B) rock formations of Arizona

　　(D) the movement of the earth around the Sun

　　2. The word "obtained" in line 2 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) acquired

　　(B) transported

　　(D) removed

　　3. The word "attributes屬性，特征" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) changes

　　(B) characteristics

　　(D) dimensions

　　4. The word "its" in line 10 refers to

　　(A) roof

　　(B) beam

　　(D) spot

　　5. The word "establish" in line 15 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) create

　　(B) locate

　　(D) choose

　　6. Which of the following is NOT true of the spot of light?

　　(A) It is caused by sunlight passing through a hole.

　　(B) It travels across the roof of the shelter.

　　(D) It movement could have been used to estimate the time of day.

　　7. From which of the following can be the time of year be determined?

　　(A) The movement of the spot of light from west to east

　　(B) The speed with which the spot of light moves

　　(D) The size of the sport of light at midday

　　8. The word "roughly粗糙地" in line 18 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) finally

　　(B) harshly

　　(D) approximately

　　9. The passage mentions that the Hole in the Rock was used as all of the following EXCEPT

　　(A) a calendar

　　(B) a home

　　(D) an observatory

　　10. Which of the following can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?

　　(A) The boulders are located below the rock shelter.

　　(B) The person seated on the rock cannot see the shelter.

　　(D) The spot of light is largest when it first appears.

　　答案：

　　CABCA BCDBA

　　Passage Two

　　The year 1850 may be considered the beginning of a new epoch in America art, with respect to the development of watercolor painting. In December of that year, a group of thirty artists gathered in the studio of John Falconer in New York City and drafted both a constitution and bylaws, establishing The Society for the Promotion of Painting in Water Color. In addition to securing an exhibition space in the Library Society building in lower Manhattan, the society founded a small school for the instruction of watercolor painting. Periodic exhibitions of the members' paintings also included works by noted English artists of the day, borrowed from embryonic private collections in the city. The society's activities also included organized sketching excursions along the Hudson River. Its major public exposure came in 1853, when the society presented works by its members in the "Industry of All Nations" section of the Crystal Palace Exposition in New York.

　　The society did not prosper, however, and by the time of its annual meeting in 1854 membership had fallen to twenty-one. The group gave up its quarters in the Library Society building and returned to Falconer's studio, where it broke up amid dissension. No further attempt to formally organize the growing numbers of watercolor painters in New York City was made for more than a decade. During that decade, though, Henry Warren's Painting in Water Color was published in New York City in 1856 — the book was a considerable improvement over the only other manual of instruction existing at the time, Elements of Graphic Art, by Archibald Roberson, published in 1802 and by the 1850's long out of print.

　　In 1866 the National Academy of Design was host to an exhibition of watercolor painting in its elaborate neo-Venetian Gothic building on Twenty-Third Street in New York City. The exhibit was sponsored by an independent group called The Artists Fund Society. Within a few months of this event, forty-two prominent artists living in and near New York City founded The American Society of Painters in Water Colors.

　　1. This passage is mainly about

　　(A) the most influential watercolor painters in the mid-1800's

　　(B) efforts to organize watercolor painters in New York City during the mid-1800's

　　(D) styles of watercolor painting in New York City during the mid-1800's

　　2. The year 1850 was significant in the history of watercolor painting mainly because

　　(A) a group of artists established a watercolor painting society

　　(B) watercolor painting was first introduced to New York City

　　(D) The first book on watercolor painting was published

　　3. The word "securingV得到，獲得" in line 5 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) locking

　　(B) creating

　　(D) acquiring

　　4. All of the following can be inferred about the Society for the promotion of Painting in Watercolor EXCEPT:

　　(A) The society exhibited paintings in lower Manhattan.

　　(B) Instruction in watercolor painting was offered by members of the society

　　(D) Scenes of the Hudson River appeared often in the work of society members.

　　5. The exhibition at the Crystal Palace of the works of the Society for the Promotion of Painting in Watercolor was significant for which of the following reasons?

　　(A) It resulted in a dramatic increase in the popularity of painting with watercolor.

　　(B) It was the first time an exhibition was funded by a private source.

　　(D) It resulted in a large increase in the membership of the society.

　　6. The word "it" in line 15 refers to

　　(A) time

　　(B) group

　　(D) studio

　　7. Which of the following is true of watercolor painters in New York City in the late 1850's?

　　(A) They increased in number despite a lack of formal organization.

　　(B) They were unable to exhibit their paintings because of the lack of exhibition space.

　　(D) They formed a new society because they were not allowed to join groups run by other kinds of artists.

　　8. Henry Warren's Painting in Water Color was important to artists because it

　　(A) received an important reward

　　(B) was the only textbook published that taught painting

　　(D) attracted the interest of art collectors

　　9. The word "considerable" in line 19 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) sensitive

　　(B) great

　　(D) planned

　　10. The year 1866 was significant for watercolor painting for which of the following reasons?

　　(A) Elements of Graphic Art was republished.

　　(B) Private collections of watercolors were first publicly exhibited.

　　(D) The National Academy of Design held an exhibition of watercolor paintings.

　　11. The word "prominent" in line 25 is closest in meaning to

　　(A) wealthy

　　(B) local

　　(D) organized

　　答案：

　　BADCC BACBDC

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