專四考試語法詞匯三大命題新趨勢
想要更好掌握專業英語四級考試的語法詞匯題，那么在平時，我們就要多多注意這些題型的命題趨勢了，下面小編就來和大家詳細說明一下吧!
一、偏愛考熟詞僻義
近年來語法詞匯部分常考一些考生熟悉的單詞，但是所考的意思不一定為考生所熟悉，這其實加大了題目難度。這就要求在備考時要對大綱內的重點單詞要全面掌握，不能滿足于知道其最常用的意思。題目例析(年份/題號)：
09/72. It was strange that she would _____ such an absurd idea.
A. allow B. stick
C. take D. entertain
解析：本題選D。entertain 的常見意思是“熱情款待; 使有興趣”，在本題中這個詞的意思是“懷有，心存”，其賓語一般是idea, hope, doubt. suspicion等，例如：
He entertained hopes of a reconciliation.
他曾對和解抱有希望。
He secretly entertained thoughts of revenge.
他暗中懷有報復的想法。
11/75. The city government is building more roads to ___ the increasing number of cars.
A. accommodate B. receive
C. accept D. hold
解析：本題選A。accommodate 是一個及物動詞，最常見的意思是“向 --- 提供住宿”，但在本題中卻考察它的另一個意思：為--- 提供足夠的空間 (to provide enough space for sb or sth)，例如：
The new facility will easily accommodate 50 workstations.
新的場所能輕松擺下五十個工作臺。
值得指出的是，這個及物動詞還以一個意思：為--- 提供足夠的座位或房間(to supply enough seats or room for people or things) ，這是意思相當于hold，例如：
Our ships accommodate up to 150.
我們的船只可乘坐多達150位乘客。
The hotel can accommodate 600 guests.
這家酒店可容納六百位客人。
那么，本題為什么不能選hold呢?關鍵是hold作“容得下;能盛 (to have enough space for sb / sth)”這種意思，主語一般是某個建筑物或容器，例如：
The stadium holds 8,000 people.
這個體育場能容納八千人。
The movie theater holds 500 people.
這家電影院能容納500人。
The plane holds about 300 passengers.
這架飛機可容納大約300名乘客。
The pan holds three gallons of water.
這口鍋能盛三加侖水。
作“容納”的意思時，hold的賓語如果是人，可以換成accommodate(如上面的前四句);若賓語不是人時則不可以(如最后一句)。
10/51. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates CAUSE?
A. Why don't you do it for the sake of your friends?
B. I wish I could write as well as you.
C. For all his efforts, he didn't get an A.
D. Her eyes were red from excessive reading.
解析：本題選D。介詞from至少有二十種意思，本題考察的是它的一個不太常用的意思：由于，因為(because of or as a result of)，例如：
Her hair was still damp from her walk in the rain.
因為在雨中行走，所以她的頭發仍是濕的。
They are exhausted from all the sleepless nights.
他們由于這些不眠之夜而精疲力竭。
She felt sick from tiredness.
她累得渾身不對勁。
二、偏愛考熟詞構成的短語
英語的特點之一是短語眾多，這些短語是中國學生學習中的一個難點。近幾年的專四試題表明，由常見詞構成的短語越來越成為考察的重點，這樣就增大了詞匯題的難度，例如：
08/66. When he first started in university, he really felt at _____ with his major --- economics.
A. shore B. bank
C. ocean D. sea
解析：本題選D。be / feel (all) at sea 困惑，茫然，不知所措，例如：
I’m all at sea with these new regulations.
我全然不懂這些規章。
08/68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found her quite ____ discussing a recent film with others.
A. at home B. at most
C. at house D. at bean
解析：本題選C。at home 除了“在家里，在國內”還可以表示“無拘無束，舒適自在(comfortable and relaxed)”，例如：
Simon feels at home on a horse.
西蒙騎馬得心應手。
08/69. The company has capitalized _____ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.
A. in B. over C. with D. on
解析：本題選D。capitalize on 利用 (If you capitalize on a situation, you use it to gain some advantage for yourself. ) ，意思相當于take advantage of，例如：
The rebels seem to be trying to capitalize on the public's discontent with the government.
叛亂分子似乎想要利用公眾對政府的不滿情緒。
09/75. Representatives from the companies indicated that they should go on working together in _____.
A. unity B. entity
C. partners D. partnership
解析：本題選D。in partnership (with sb) (與某人)合作，例如：
He developed the program in partnership with an American expert.
他和一個美國專家合作開發出這個程序。
09/77. The drink was packaged in champagne bottles and was being _____ as the real stuff.
A. passed out B. passed by
C. passed over D. passed off
解釋：本題選D。pass --- off as 用---冒充 ---，例如：
He passed himself off as a senior psychologist.
他冒充成資深心理學家。
pass out 昏過去(= faint )
pass by 經過
pass over 不計較
They chose to pass over her rude remarks.
他們決定不計較她的粗魯言語。
要詞原則
無論是中口還是高口翻譯篇章中，都有一些貌似十分簡單的詞，但這些詞往往是這篇文章的殺手锏，難度往往高于那些成語、俗語和專業詞。比如在第一個例子中的collectively，一般的譯者馬上會理解為“總而言之”“概括起來”的意思，只有當讀完整句的時候，才明白是把亞洲國家整體經濟規模“累加”起來，其中進行了轉性譯法，把副詞轉換為形容詞或名詞。這種詞在每次考試中至少會有一個，可以被認為是拉開差距的地方。考生如能發現其中的“弦外之音”，將會極大的鼓舞自己的士氣。
Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.
亞洲國家的經濟總量將超過其他國家地區的總和。
From a small beginning at the turn of the century ……
本世紀初，基金會的數量并不多。
Inside these nations there will be mass prosperity, but with a large minority in serious poverty, and a small number who are very rich.
這些國家雖然呈現出欣欣向榮的態勢，但其中還有許多處于極端貧窮的弱勢人口，還有少部分人口極端富有。
l The major feature of project money, whether its source is government or business, is that it is given on a contractual basis, a different contract for each project, so that the investigator’s independence rests upon his capacity to secure a succession of contracts.
無論來自于政府或商界，項目資金的重要特點是其建立在契約上，即不同的項目可以爭取相同的項目資金，因此調研人員要取得獨立，就必須得到連續的研究項目。
The resulting patchwork of laws, people on all sides of the issue say, complicates a nationwide picture already clouded by scientific and ethnical questions over whether and how to restrict cloning or to ban it altogether.
在克隆問題上各方人士認為，關于是否限制克隆、如何限制克隆或索性禁止克隆的科學及倫理問題，已經使全國性立法變得撲朔迷離。而如今各種東拼西湊的法律，只會使全國性立法形成步履維艱。
A law that goes into effect on Jan.1 allows computer users in the state to refuse unwanted solicitations en masse and sue spammers who violate their wishers for as much as $1 million.
1月1日，加州通過一條法律，使得計算機用戶有權拒收垃圾郵件，并對郵件發送者提出訴訟，要求最高達一百萬美元的賠償。
三、語法題難度稍降
近幾年的語法試題難度大幅度降低，基本上不再有偏題、怪題。下面列舉出近幾年所考過最難的幾道語法題：
08/52. Had Judy been more careful on the math exam, she ____ much better results now.
A. would be getting B. could have got
C. must get D. would get
解析：本題選A。本題考察的是虛擬語氣中的一個難點：錯綜時間虛擬語氣。這種虛擬語氣一般是從句表示的是與過去事實相反的假設(用過去完成時)，而主句表示的是與現在事實相反的假設(謂語用 would / should be或would / should be doing)，例如：
If you had studied hard last year, you would be a college student now.
你要是去年學習努力的話，你現在就是大學生了。
If I had worked harder at school I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
我如果上學的時候更用功一些的話，現在我就坐在一個舒適地辦公室里了。
那么本題為什么不能選D呢?一般而言，如果主句中的動詞是表示一個動作，則用would / should + be doing;如果主句中的動詞是表示狀態的be，則用would be，例如：
Amy would be alive today if the doctor had come sooner last night.
要是大夫昨晚來地早一點，愛梅今天還活著。
If the weather had been more favorable, the crops would be growing still better.
如果過去天氣好一些，現在莊稼還會長得更好。
If he had received six more votes, he would be our chairman now.
如果他多得六票，他現在就是我們的主席了。
If we hadn’t got everything ready by now, we should be having a terrible time tomorrow.
如果到現在一切還沒準備好，明天情況就糟了。
08/53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.
A. whenB. that
C. whichD. what
A is to B what C is to D
解析：本題選D 。本題考的是一個明喻的句型：A is to B what C is to D，意思是A對于B就好像C對于D，例如：
Air is to us what water is to fish.
空氣之于我們猶如水之于魚。
A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man.
巢對于鳥就好像房子對于人。
What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul.
教育之與心靈，就像雕刻之與大理石。
08/55. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay
behind to finish his assignment.
A. Much though B. Much as
C. As much D. Though much
解析：本題選B。本題考察倒裝形式的讓步狀語從句，其結構是adj / adv / n / vi + as + 主語 + 謂語，意思是“盡管 ---，雖然 ---”，相當于though 或者although引導的讓步狀語從句，例如：
Young as he is, he is able.他雖然年輕，卻很能干。
Strange as it may sound, it is true. 盡管聽起來奇怪，但千真萬確。
Child as he is, he does a lot to support the family.
盡管他是個孩子，卻已經幫著持家。(名詞不帶冠詞)
Much as l like you I couldn’t live with you.
我盡管很喜歡你，卻不能和你一起生活。
Try as he would, he couldn’t open the door.
他試過多次，卻仍打不開門。
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